Pulley, gear, and sheave.



PATENTED MAR. 14, 1905.

W. BRINTON.

PULLEY, GEAR, AND SHEAVE. APPLICATION FILED 1130.28, 1903 4 SHEETS-SHEET l.

PATENTED MAR. 14, 1905.

W BRINTON PULLEY, GEAR, AND SHEAVB.

4SHBETS SHEET 2.

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W. BRINTON. PULLEY, GEAR), AND SHEAVE.

APPLIOATION FILED DEC. 28, 1903.

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PATENTBD MAR. 14, 1905.

W. BRINTON.

PULLEY, GEAR, AND SHEAVE.

APPLICATION rum) DBO. 2a, 1903.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER BRINTON, OF HIGHBRIDGE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO TAYLOR IRON AND STEEL COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEWV JERSEY.

PULLEY, GEAR, AND SHEAVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 784,544, dated March 14, 1905.

Application filed December 28, 1903. Serial No. 186,804.

To (all whom it 711 11 7] concern.-

Be it known that 1, \V ALTER BRIN'ION, a citizen of the United States, residing in Highbridge, in the county of Hunter-don and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pulleys, Gears, and Sheaves, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to wheels, and more particularly to wheels made of metal, including such, for instance, as are provided with teeth, as gear, ratchet, or sprocket teeth, and to such, for instance, as have flanges, as carwheels, and as have grooves, as pulley-wheels.

My invention also relates to rolls such, for instance, as for rolling-mills.

My improvement relates more particularly to such wheels as comprise two or more parts each, and has for its object to furnish an eflicient and simple means for securing the several parts to one another.

In the form of my improvement illustrated, and which may be its preferred form, the several types of wheel illustrated comprise two parts each as, for instance, a ring and a hub. Said ring is provided with a flange, and said hub is provided with a flange for engagement with the flange as to the ring. Both ring and hub may have more than one flange each; but in the form illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification only one flange is shown on each respectively.

My improvement is applicable to wheels in which the several parts are made of the same kind of metal, but is especially useful where it is desirable to employ different metals for the different parts.

My improvement is particularly applicable to wheels in which the ring portion is especiall y subject to hard usage and wear. It is customary and desirable to make such ring portion of a material of high wear-resisting qualities, and metal having such high wearresisting qualities is .usually difficult or impossible to machine.

A further object of my improvement is to provide a means whereby with a minimum of hub of machineable metal may be attached thereto in a secure and simple manner.

It has heretofore been a well-known practice to fasten rings onto hubs or center pieces by first heating the ring and while it is in an expanded condition due to heat to introduce the hub within said ring and allow said ring to shrink onto and thereby be securely held to said hub. By properly proportioning the inside diameter of the ring and the outside diameter of the hub this means of fastening may be made secure and serviceable; but the encircling ring if put on sufliciently tight for security is under tension strains more or less severe and which strains have a constant tendency to disrupt the ring part and cause it to be thereby loosened from the hub part, or if the ring part is frail or ductile said tension will tend to stretch the ring until it becomes loose on the hub. These tendencies are particularly active in case the wheel is subjected to hard service.

In my improvement the hub portion is heated, and thereby expanded, so that its engaging flange or flanges may envelop the complementary flange or flanges, respectively, as to the ring member. By this means upon the cooling and shrinking of the hub member said hub member tends to draw the ring member inwardly from all directions toward the center of the hub, and the tendency is therefore to compress said ring member and to hold it securely under compressive stress in union with the hub member. In my improvement it is therefore possible and practicable to hold said ring member securely in place on the hub member even though the ring member is broken radially, Fig. 7, into several pieces.

In all the figures of the drawings similar characters of reference refer to similar parts.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a part of a wheel provided with spur-gear teeth andembodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same, taken on line a a of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view similar to a portion of Fig. 2 and to more fully illustrate details of my improvement. Fig. 1 is a plan view, partly in section, of a part of a wheel provided with machining or grinding of the ring member a bevel-gear teeth and embodying my improveomitted, if desired.

similar to a portion of Fig. 5.

ment and illustrating a further feature thereof. Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the same on line b b of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view Fig. 7 is a plan view, partly in section, of a wheel provided with a groove, as for a pulley-wheel, in its periphery. Fig. 8 is a cross-section of the same, taken on line 0 0 of Fig. Fig. 9 is an end View of a roll, illustrating the application of my improvement to another class of con struction. Fig. 10 is a sectional view on line (Z (Z of a part of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a sectional view showing a variation of the modification illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, 10 represents a ring member illustrated as provided with teeth, as 120, on its periphery and which teeth may be of any desired shape and do not form a part of my improvement. The ring member 10 may be made of any suitable metal or alloy; but I prefer to make it of a hard and unmachineable steel such, for instance, as manganese steel. By unmachineable I mean such steel or other material as cannot be worked by the usual and ordinary methods, as by turning with tools in lathes or by boring with drills, as in drillpresses, but which can be worked only by grinding, as with emery. The manganese steel herein referred to is that produced by the patented process of Hadfield and is of a quality peculiarly diflicult and ordinarily impracticable to work except by grinding. Such steel is particularly desirable for use where heavy duty is required, as its wear resisting qualities give unusual length of life to parts formed thereof. Said ring member has extending inwardly therefrom an annular flange, as 11, erected on which is an annular rib or flange, as 13, and which rib may be either continuous or segmental. Said annular rib has its periphery, as 14, preferably. undercut to form a retaining-wall for purposes more fully hereinafter set forth; but such undercutting, while desirable, is not indispensable to my improvement. Said periphery 14, face of rib 13, and face 15 of flange 11 are preferably finished surfaces,

although in the practice of my invention itis necessary to finish only periphery 14. A hub member 2 comprises a center 3, arms 4, and rim 5. This hub member 2 may be made of any suitable metalas, for instance, cast-iron; but I prefer to use steel such as can be readily machined, and I preferably machine such surfaces-as, for instance, 6, 7, 14, and 15; but all these facings except that of 14 may be Said rim 5 is provided with a groove 6 and flange 8. Said flange 8 preferably has its inner wall 12 undercut inapproximate complement to the undercut edge 14 as to the ring member lOand of a diameter slightly less than that of said edge 14. Such undercutting, while not indispensable to my improvement, I deem desirable. The groove 6 is made large enough, as at 7, to allow clearance between its inner wall and the inner wall of rib 13 as to the ring member, sothat when the hub member is expanded by heat to allow of the assembling of the hub and ring there will be'no interference at that point. The variation in diameter between wall 12 as to the hub member and edge 14 as to the ring member is just sufficientto allow of flange 8 when the hub member 2 is properly expanded by heat to be passed over and around rib 13 as to the ring member 10. Then when hub member 2 is allowed to cool its natural contraction will cause its wall 12 to grip securely the complementary face 14 as to the ring member and tend to compress said ring member and bind the two members to one another solidly. The undercutting of the engaging faces adds materially to the security of union of the two members; but my improvement is eificient and useful without such undercutting. Said undercutting, however, allows of more variation in the relative diameters of the engaging faces, respectively, than would be permissible if the said engaging faces were cylindrical instead of slightly conical.

In small gear-wheels constructed in accordance with my improvement there is a tendency, particularly when such wheels are used on heavy duty, for the ring member to slip or turn on the hub member. To counteract this tendency, I provide means as illustrated in Figs. 4, 5, and 6. These means comprise a cavity or cavities, as 20, cast in the ring member, and one or more horns or cars, as 21, cast on the hub member and suitably disposed for engagement with the cavities, respectively, as to the ring member. These coacting cavities and horns thus form locks and are so disposed as not to interfere with the holding-faces, respectively, of the hub and ring members. The cavity members of said locks could with equal efliciency be disposed in the hub member and the ear members in the ring member, if desired.

In Figs. 9 and 10 is shown an embodiment of my improvement as applied to the ends of a roll. or cylinder of indefinite length. In this .modification two hub members, as 25 and 26,

are used. These hubs are provided with grooves 6 and ribs 8, respectively, which engage with complementary parts as to the heads 27 and 28, respectively, of the cylinder in a similar manner to that hereinbefore illustrated and described. 7

In Fig. 11 is illustrated an application of my improvement similar to that shown in Figs. 9 and 10, in Fig. 11 the application being made to a shorter roll.

My improvement is applicable to a large variety of uses not herein specifically set forth as, for instance, stamp-shoes for mills, for cams, and for other purposes.

By the term meant all such examples or variations as are herein set forth, together with all such mawheel as herein used is chine or other parts as might be constructed in accordance with my improvement.

I claim 1. An article of the class specified, comprising an outer or ring member, and an inner or hub member holding the outer or ring member under compressive tension by the contraction or shrinkage of said hub member from a heat-expanded condition.

2. An article of the class specified, comprising a ring member and an inner or hub memher having cooperating locking-faces, said inner member holding the outer member under compressive tension by the shrinkage or contraction of the inner member from a heat-expanded condition.

3. A metal wheel comprising a ring member and a hub member having annular overlapping engaging surfaces, said hub member holding said ring member under compressive tension by the shrinkage or contraction of said hub member from a heat-expanded condition.

4. A metal wheel or similar article comprising an unmachineable metal outer or ring member, and a machineable metal inner or hub member secured together by compressive tension exerted by the inner member upon the outer member.

5. A metal wheel or similar article comprising an outer or ring member and an inner or hub member having interlocking surfaces, the variations in diameter between such surfaces being sufficient to permit one to engage the other when the inner or hub member is under expansion due to heat, said hub member holding said ring member under compression by the contraction or shrinkage of the hub memher from its heat-expanded condition.

6. A metal wheel comprising a ring member and a hub member having interlocked undercut ribs, the meeting surface of the hub-rib being initially of less diameter than the meeting surface of the ring rib but of greater diameter than the ring-rib surface when said hub is heat-expanded to permit one to slip over the other, said hub member holding said ring member under compressive tension due to shrinkage or contraction of said hub member from its heat-expanded condition.

7. A metal wheel comprising a ring member and a hub member having sidewise interlocking ribs, the variations in diameter between the engaging faces of the ribs being just suflicient to permit them to overlap when the hub is under expansion due to heat, said hub member holding said ring member under tension by the contraction of such hub member from its heat-expanded condition.

8. A metal wheel comprising a ring member and a hub member having undercut interlocking ribs, the variations in diameter between the engaging faces thereof being sufficient to permit one to overlap the other when the hub is under expansion due to heat, said hub member holding said ring member under tension by the contraction of such hub member from its heat-expanded condition.

9. A metal wheel comprising a ring memher, a hub member having interlocking surfaces, the variations in diameter between such surfaces being sufficient to permit one to engage the other when the hub member is under expansion due to heat, said hub member holding said ring member under compression by the contraction or shrinkage of the hub member from its heat-expanded condition, and means for preventing the slipping of one circumferentially relatively to the other.

10. A metal wheel comprising an outer or ring member,and an inner hub member having interlocking surfaces, the variations in diameter between such surfaces being suflicient to permit one to engage the other when the inner member is under expansion due to heat, said inner member holding said outer member under compression by the contraction or shrinkage of the inner member from its heatexpanded condition, and means for preventing the slipping of one circumferentially relatively to the other and comprising one or more projections and a cooperating recess or recesses carried by said members.

11. A metal wheel comprising a ring member, a hub member having interlocking surfaces, the variations in diameter between such surfaces being sufiieient to permit one to engage the other when the hub member is under expansion due to heat, said hub member holding said ring member under compression by the contraction or shrinkage of the hub member from its heat-expanded condition, and means for preventing the slipping of one circumferentially relatively to the other and comprising one or more projections and acooperating recess or recesses carried by said members, the projection or projections being carried by the hub member and the recess or recesses by the ring member.

12. An article of the class specified, comprising an outer or ring member, an innenor hub member holding said outer member under compressive tension by the contraction or shrinkage of said inner member from a heat-expanded condition, and means for preventing the slipping of one member circumferentially relatively to the other member.

13. A metal wheel comprising a ring member and a hub member. said ring member having an inwardly-extending annular flange provided with a ribbed portion, and said hub member engaging said ribbed portion and holding the ring member under tension due to the shrinkage or contraction of such hub member from a heat-expanded condition, and means for preventing circumferential slipping of one member relatively to the other member.

14. A metal wheel comprising an unmachineable metal, such for instance as manganese steel, outer or ring member, and a machineable metal inner or hub member having faces comprising a rib and a receiving-recess, IO one formed on each member, said inner or hub member exerting a shrinkage tension upon the outer or ring member.

' WALTER BRIN TON.

Witnesses:

J ACOB STBUBLE, BEN F. ROBBINS. 

